What role does feedback play in a closed-loop control system?

In a closed-loop control system, feedback is critical because it allows the system to adjust its operation based on actual performance outcomes. Feedback involves measuring the output of the system and comparing it to a desired setpoint or input. This comparison informs the system about any discrepancies between the intended and actual outputs.

When feedback is processed, it enables the control system to make real-time adjustments to its inputs, which can correct any deviations and bring the output closer to the desired value. This dynamic operation is essential for achieving tighter control, improved accuracy, and enhanced stability of the system. By continuously monitoring and correcting itself, a closed-loop control system can effectively respond to variations in system behavior or external influences, leading to optimized performance.

The effectiveness of this feedback mechanism is what distinguishes closed-loop systems from open-loop systems, where outputs are not used for ongoing corrections. In a closed-loop system, the adaptability afforded by feedback is vital for maintaining the quality of control in processes, ensuring they operate as effectively as needed.